Box closing machine



6, 1969 o. DORFMANN 3,462,914

BOX CLOS ING MACHINE Filed 'Sept. 27", 1967 s Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. 1

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BOX CLOSING MACHINE Filed Sept; 27. 19s? 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 To 0 /O \J a aQ 70 FIG. 2

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BOX CLOSING MACHINE Filed Sept. 27. 1967 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Aug. 26, 1969o. DORFMANN 3,462,914

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lllllllIlllmIIlIIlm-FT' i INVENTOR OSKAR DORFMANN ATTORN EYS UnitedStates Patent 3,462,914 BOX CLOSING MACHINE Oskar Dorfmann, NorthBergen, N.J., assignor to Federal Carton Corporation, North Bergen,N.J., a corporation of New York Filed Sept. 27, 1967, Ser. No. 670,925Int. Cl. B65b 7/24, 7/26 U.S. Cl. 53-201 11 Claims ABSTRACT OF THEDISCLOSURE Disclosed herein is a machine for closing an already erectedand filled folding box, the box being of the type which has base, front,side, and rear walls together with a cover having side flaps and a frontflap which cooperate respectively with the side and front walls of thebox and particularly with slots in those walls to lock the cover inclosed position. The boxes as delivered to the closing machine are, asstated, erected and filled, and the front flap of the cover is bent atan angle to the cover, the cover likewise being bent forwardly at aslight angle to the rear walls, but the side flaps remain in the planeof the main body of the cover. The machine of the disclosure operates tosequentially bend the cover front flap and side flaps into position atright angles to the main portion of the cover, to exert pressure on theside walls to open the slit provided therein for reception of the sidecover flaps, to gradually lower the cover flap while maintaining theangular position of the walls, to then press against the side walls ofthe container and simultaneously and to a lesser extent, against thecover flaps to thus open the slits and permit the cover flap to enterthem, and to finally press instantaneously against a tab on the boxfront wall to cause it to enter into a slit in the front cover flap. Themachine is so constructed that by a simple and rapid replacement of aunit of mechanism, boxes of different capacity may be closed.

The invention herein is thus seen to be related to the folding box orcarton art and particularly to machines for closing a folding box whichhas been previously erected and filled, ordinarily by automaticmachinery, al though this is not essential. The particular box withwhich the machine of this invention is especially adapted to cooperateis a box of the type disclosed in my co-pending application, Ser. No.646,083, filed June 14, 1967, now Patent No. 3,396,898, assigned to theassignee of this application.

Although not limited thereto, the box with which the machine isparticularly adapted to cooperate is frequently used for the packagingof doughnuts. The box is made in a number of sizes and it is essentialthat the machine be readily adapted to close boxes of any of the sizes,since the exact number of packages of the difierent sizes (such forexample, as six doughnut, eight doughnut and twelve-doughnut packages)cannot be determined in advance and the machine must therefore becapable of readily being converted for operation with the differentsizes.

Heretofore, the general practice has been to erect the boxes by machinebut to fill those boxes by hand and likewise to close them by hand.Whether the boxes are erected and filled by hand or by machine, theproblem of closing is essentially the same and therefore the machine ofthis invention is hereinafter described in connection with the closingof a filled box and specifically a box filled with doughnuts.

As will be seen from the above, it is an object of the invention toprovide a box closing machine which is simple, readily operated, andwhich is quickly adapted to close boxes of varying sizes to thusminimize the time 3,462,914 Patented Aug. 26, 1969 required to changefrom packaging in one size box to packaging in another.

It is another object of the invention to provide a machine for closingfolding boxes which assures that the boxes will remain in their closedposition and will be transportable without fear that the boxes willbecome open and their contents lost or damaged.

Other objects and features of the invention will appear when thefollowing description is considered in connection with the appendeddrawings in which:

FIGURE 1 is an exploded perspective view of the box closing machine ofthe instant invention;

FIGURE 2 is a side-elevational view of the machine of FIGURE 1 showingcertain linkages which were disconnected in FIGURE 1 in their connected,operating positions;

FIGURE 3 is a top-plan view of the machine of the instant invention;

FIGURE 4 is a front-elevational view of the machine of the instantinvention;

FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary vertical cross-sectional view showingparticularly the operation of the front flap folding means. This view istaken on the plane of the line 5-5 of FIGURE 4;

FIGURE 6 is a fragmentary horizontal cross-sectional view on the planeof the line 66 of FIGURE 4, showing the construction of a mechanism forpositioning the side walls of the container and for preliminarilyopening the slits in those side walls;

FIGURE 7 is a fragmentary horizontal cross-sectional view taken on theplane of the line 7-7 of FIGURE 2 and showing particularly the means forholding open the slits in the side walls of the box or container andcausing the cover side flaps to be inserted therein;

FIGURE 8 is a fragmentary vertical cross-sectional view taken on theplane of the line 88 of FIGURE 7, and showing further detail of the sidewall slit opening and side flap inserting means, and

FIGURE 9 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view showing the operation ofa mechanism for pressing a tab on the front wall of a box into positionto be inserted through a slit in the front cover flap.

Referring now to the drawings and particularly to FIG- URES 1 through 3thereof, it will be seen that the machine comprises a table 1 0 suitablysupported by any suitable means such as spaced legs 11, the top of thetable being slotted as at 12. Beneath the table 10 is a conveyorcomprising spaced chains 13, the conveyor being supported and driven inany suitable manner (not shown).

Fixed to corresponding longitudinally spaced links of the two chains 13are the upright pusher members 14 (see particularly FIG. 2), whichmembers have offsets 15 near their upper ends which cooperate with otherportions of the mechanism. As will hereinafter appear, the pressuremembers 14 are provided with nylon pads 16 which likewise cooperate withother portions of the mechanism to exert folding action on the boxcover.

Fixed to the table top 10 are the flat angle members 17 as well as thetoggle type clamps 18 which, as will appear, serve to position andretain the folding head upon the table 10 in a predetermined position.

Also fixed to the table 10 is a fence member 20 which serves to stop abox conveyed against it by an auxiliary conveyor (not shown) in positionto be moved forwardly (to the left, as seen in FIGURE 1) by the pushermembers 14. Likewise fixed to the table top 10 is an upright member 21,which supports a shaft 22 which, as will be described hereinafter,serves to transmit oscillating motion to various of the operatingmembers of the folding head.

The folding mechanism or head comprises front bridge member 23, a rearbridge member 24, base plates 25, and side frame members 26.

Mounted on the front bridge member 23 are bearings 27 and 28, whichsupport a shaft 29 for oscillation. Fixed to shaft 29 is an arm 30having a hole 31 (FIG. 2) therein. Mounted on shaft 22 are arms, 33, 34and 35.

As will be seen particularly when FIGURES 1 and 2 are compared, thefolding head is placed upon the table 10, located by the angles 17 andclamped in position by the clamps 18. The arm 34 is connected by meansof an adjustable link 36 (FIG. 2) to a suitably reciprocated member 39which is driven at a rate coordinated with the movement of the chains 13by means not shown. When the head has been placed in position, the arms30 and 33 are joined by means of a link 37, which link is permanentlypivoted in the forked end of the arm 33, and is held in the forked endof the arm 30 by means of a removable pin 38.

Extending between the upright portions of the front and rear bridgemembers 23 and 24, are the guide rails 40, one on either side of thefolding head, which rails guide the boxes to and through the foldinghead as the conveyor chain moves. The front ends of the rails 40 flareoutwardly, as indicated at 41, to assure proper positioning of the boxesas they are taken from the feed conveyor already mentioned. It should benoted that the guide rails 40 have a greater vertical extent at the rearof the folding head than at the front. Fixed to the upright portions ofthe front bridge 22, above the guide rails 40, are guide rails 42 (seeFIG. 3), which guide rails cooperate with the box side walls to properlyposition them. Mounted at the forward end of each guide rail 40 is aresilient element 43, the rearward end of which is adjustable by meansof a screw 44 so that these two elements bear against the upper portionof the side walls of the a box, guiding it into an exact position sothat the cover side flaps may be folded at right angles to the cover,and serving also to break the side wall inwardly momentarily, as will bedescribed shortly.

Mounted on the shaft 29 for rotation therewith is a folding member 45for the cover side and front flaps. This folding member 45 has a forkshape and at the end of each prong of the fork is a rearwardlyprojecting member 46, each of which makes contact with one of the frontcorners of the box cover as the box is fed between the legs of thebridge member 22, thus forcing the front cover flap against the members48 (FIG. 4) which are beveled on their forward surfaces and the flap ofthe box cover is forced to bend forwardly due to this striking of theflared folding members 48. At the same time, the side cover flaps arealso forced to bend forwardly due to striking the flared forward ends ofthe folding members 47, the members 47 and 48 being affixed to thebridge uprights and lower surface of the bridge horizontal,respectively.

Referring now particularly to FIGURE 5, it will be seen that thehorizontal member 50 of the bridge 23 has a bore 51 therein, throughwhich a plunger 52 extends, the plunger also extending through anopening in the angle 53 fixed to the upper surface of the bridgehorizontal 50. A spring 54 extends between collar 55 on plunger 52 andthe lower surface of the angle 53. At its upper end the plunger 52carries a collar 56 adapted to be engaged by a fork 57 affixed to thearm 45. As will be seen, when the arm 45 is in its lower position, thatis, when the box cover and side flaps are being folded as describedabove, the plunger is lifted by the fork 57.

Pivotally mounted centrally of the lower surface of the bridgehorizontal 50 is a V-shaped member 58 which is urged to an upperposition by means of a tension spring 60. When the member 45 is in itslowermost position, the member 58 is in its uppermost position,permitting the front cover flap to be placed at substantially rightangles to the cover, while the cover is substantially still erect and inposition against the folding elements 47. As the box is further advancedto the position shown in FIG- URE 5, the folding arm 45 returns to itsuppermost position and in so doing, permits release of the plunger 52which under urge of the superior spring 54 moves downwardly, forcing thefolding member 58 against the front flap of the cover and causing it toslide down along the surface of the pad 16 on the upper surface of thefolding member 14, and into substantial alignment with the offset 15 ofthat pad. It will be understood of course that the conveyor is moving intimed relationship to the movement of the arm 45 so that space isavailable for the flap to move along the nylon pad without at any timebeing forced by that pad.

Supported on the front and rear bridges is a cover closing member 61having a central web 62 and side webs 63, the member being cut out asindicated at 64 (FIG. 3). Mounted on, or integral with the sides ofmember 61 is an inclined folding member 65 which is in effect merely acontinuation of the lower inclined surface 66 of the side portion 63 ofthe guide member 61.

As seeen clearly in FIGURE 3, the side portions 63 of the member 61 areprovided at their forward ends with extensions 67, the lower surfaces ofwhich extensions, together with the lower surface of portion 68 of thecentral member of the guide member 61, extend substantially horizontallyand serve to depress the cover of the box somewhat further than is shownin FIGURE 5 and to a position in which it is forced beneath the offset15 of the two pusher members 14, holding it in this position by virtueof the horizontal extent of the undersurface of the central portion 62of guide member 61, until further action has been performed, as will bedescribed hereinafter.

Fixed to each of the base rails 25 of the folding head is a bracket 70(FIGS. 1, 7, and 8). Each bracket has inwardly extending lugs 71thereon, through which a pin 72 extends, the pin serving to pivotallymount a member 73, which member has integral therewith two extensions 74and 75 extending at an angle to the member 73 at different elevations.Member 73 is urged in a counterclockwise direction as seen in FIGURE 7,by means of a compression spring 76, which extends between the bracket72 and the forward end of the member 73. Threaded into an aperture inthe bracket 70 is a screw 77, the rear end of which serves to limit thecounterclockwise movement of the member 73.

Also threaded into the bracket 70 is a second screw 78 which extendsbeneath member 73 and bears against the guide rail 40, thus serving asan adjustment to slightly bow the guide rail and assure that the box isheld centrally at the time when the members 74 and 75 are operatingthereon.

Referring now particularly to FIGURE 7, it will be seen that the member75 is provided with a curved camming surface 80 which bears against theside wall of the box, causing that wall to be bowed inwardly to thusopen the slit formed in the inner side wall portion of the box, theopening being shown in exaggerated form at 106 in FIG. 7. The curvedforward portion of the member 74 extends into a horizontal slot in theupper guide rail 42 and is curved to cooperate with the box cover sideflaps to force these side flaps inwardly so that they enter into the nowopen slit, being compelled to lie inwardly of the lower front portion ofthe box side wall 'below the area of a slot. As these actions are takingplace, the conveyor is of course moving the box rearwardly and theinclined lower surfaces of the members 65 cause the box cover to begradually lowered as the cover rides along the inclines indicated at 82in FIGURE 2.

To the rear of the brackets 70, the lower surface of the members 65 ofthe closing member 61 against extends horizontally for a slightdistance, as indicated at 83 in FIGURE 2. Beyond that point the sideguide members 63 again incline downwardly toward the rear and are thuseffective to push the covers of the boxes downwardly, with the sideflaps of the cover penetrating further into the slits, the front flapsof the covers continuing to cooperate with the nylon pads to assure thatthe front flaps will lie within the front wall of the box.

Shortly after the box has passed the initial point of the furtherinclined surface of the guide members 63, shaft 22 is caused tooscillate, carrying with it the arm 84. This arm 84 is, when the foldinghead is installed on the table 10, rotated about shaft 22, so that theaperture 87 therein (see FIG. 1) is placed in alignment with theaperture 88 in the arm 35, after which the pin 90 is inserted throughthe aligned openings. Thus the arm 84 is caused to oscillatesimultaneously with the oscillation of the arm 45. Arm 84 carries at itsown end a pin 91 which is adjustable, being threaded in an opening inthe end of the arm. This pin 91 serves to strike a tab 109 formed in thefront wall 101 of the box and cause it to enter a slit 110 in the frontcover flap (FIGS. 1 and 9).

As the pusher members 14 move the box to the rear of the folding head,the cover continues to ride down the inclined portion of the side rails63 of member 61, finally encountering the more steeply inclined portions63a fixed to or integral with rails 61 and causing the cover to be fullyclosed, and the box in discharged.

Although the foregoing description is believed to make obvious the modeof operation of the machine, the operation to close the box will besummarized briefly at this time.

Boxes are placed on a conveyor running at right angles to the conveyorheretofore described, and not shown in FIGURE 1, and are moved alongthat conveyor, which as seen in FIGURE 1, has guiding rods 99 associatedtherewith, these rods being in position to cause the front cover flap108 to be bent slightly along the score line joining it to the cover,and to likewise cause the cover 103 to be bent slightly forwardly alonga score line joining it to the rear wall 102 of the box, the box beingfilled with doughtnuts, as indicated at 98.

The box is then in position on the table to be engaged by the lowerrearwardly facing portions of the pusher arms 14, which move the boxbeneath the forward bridge 23 with the cover substantially erect and thefront cover flap 108 extending at a slight angle thereto.

As the conveyor carries the box beneath the bridge, the folding arm 45lowers and the rearwardy extending projections 46 thereof engage theupper, forward corners of the box cover 103 (FIG. 9), forcing the frontflap 108 to assume a position at right angles to the cover 103 and theside flap 107 (FIG. 1) to likewise take a position at right angles tothe cover. Shortly thereafter, the arm 45 is raised, resulting in thefolding member 58 pushing the front flap into a position where it restsagainst the lower portions of the pads 16 on the pusher members 14,after which, as the conveyor moves toward the rear, the box cover islowered into a position where the forward edge of the front flap islowered into the offset portion of the pusher pads 'by virtue of thecover riding along slightly inclined portions of the upper guide member61 and specifically along the lower surfaces of the central member 62and of the inwardly extending portions 67 of side rails 63.

As the box moves further to the rear, the side flaps are held inposition by means of the upper guide rails 42 and as the box moves intothe vicinity of the brackets 70-, the curved surfaces 80 of the pivotedmembers 73 engage the upper edges of the corresponding side wallportions 104, causing those portions and the portions of side walls 105above the slits 106 to bend inwardly, thus opening the slits. When theslits are thus fully open, curved portions 81 of the extensions 74forces the cover side flaps 107 inwardly so that as the cover engages aninclined portion of the guide member 61, as previously described, theends of the side flaps enter the slits 106.

As the box continues its motion toward the rear of the table 10, the arm84 moves in a clockwise direction and instantaneously strikes the tab ofthe front wall, causing it to move to the rear and engages a slit in thefront cover flap, the cover simultaneously of course engaging theinclined rear portion of the side rails 63 to cause lowering of thecover with the flap 109 entered through the slit 110, the coverthereafter being fully lowered and the filled and closed box beingdischarged. It will be understood of course that normally a dischargeconveyor would be utilized to take the filled boxes from the rear of theclosing machine to a station at which they would, either by hand orautomatically, be packed into cartons or otherwise prepared forshipment.

As was previously indicated, the machine of this invention is adapted toclose boxes of varying sizes, as for example, doughnut boxes capable ofcontaining six, eight, or twelve doughnuts. To accomplish this, it isonly necessary that the folding head be removed and replaced with one ofthe desired size, the mechanisms of the various heads being identicalsave for the spacing of the various elements to accommodate boxes of thecorresponding sizes. In each case the operating mechanisms are readilydisconnected and connected by use of the removable links and thus noappreciable downtime is involved in shifting from one size box toanother.

While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been described, itwill be understood that variations of many of the elements are possibleand I wish therefore not to be limited by the foregoing description buton the contrary only by the claims granted to me.

What is claimed is:

1. In a machine for closing erected and filled boxes, in combination; atable; means for conveying boxes along said table; a drive mechanismmounted on said table; a folding head comprising spaced transverselyextending front and rear bridge members and longitudinally extendingguide rails jointing said bridge members for guiding boxes through saidhead under drive of said conveying means, an oscillatory member forfolding box cover side and front flanges into position at right anglesto each other and to the box cover, means for engaging the side walls ofa box to prepare openings to receive the cover side flaps and means forclosing the cover as the box moves through said folding head; means forclamping said folding head to said table top and means for detachablyinterconnecting said drive means and said oscillatory member to therebydrive said members in timed relationship to said conveyor means.

2. A machine as claimed in claim 1 wherein said folding headadditionally comprises base members joining said bridge members, andlongitudinally extending frame members joining said bridge members, andwherein locating members are mounted on said table for engagement withsaid base members to position said head to be clamped in position torender said drive mechanism and oscillatory members readilyinterconnected and in alignment with said conveyor means.

3. A machine as claimed in claim 1 wherein said oscillatory membercomprises a shaft mounted on one of said bridge members and extendingtransversely of said table, an arm fixed to said shaft for movementtherewith, projections on said arm for engaging a box cover as the boxpasses beneath said bridge and wherein folding members are fixed to thebridge and uprights and horizontal portions adjacent the juncturethereof to cooperate with said oscillatory arm projections to fold thebox cover side and front flaps.

4. A machine as claimed in claim 1 wherein said drive mechanismadditionally comprises a support mounted on said table top, a shaftjournaled in said support, said shaft extending transversely of saidtable top and above the folding head, an arm detachably fixed to saidshaft for oscillation therewith and means on said arm for momentarilyengaging a tab on the front wall of a box as it passes through saidfolding head to cause the tab to enter a slit in the front cover flap asthe cover is closed.

5. A machine as claimed in claim 1 wherein said conveyor means comprisesbox pusher members extending upwardly from said table top and havingoffset portions at substantially the height of the box front wall andwherein a cover front flap positioning member is pivotally mounted onthe undersurface of said front bridge member, said cover flappositioning member being actuated by said oscillatory member to retainsaid front flap at substantially right angles to the cover as said coveris partially lowered, whereby the edge of the flap slides along saidpusher members and lies adjacent said offsets.

6. A machine as claimed in'claim 1 wherein camming members are providedat each side of said folding head intermediate said bridges, saidcamming member being resiliently urged inwardly, said camming membershaving camming surfaces adapted to engage the upper portions of the sidewalls of boxes to press them inwardly and open slits formed therein,said camming members having additional camming surfaces adapted to pressagainst the cover side flaps and cause the ends thereof to pass throughthe opened slits and between the upper and lower portions of the boxside walls.

7. A machine as claimed in claim 1 wherein said front and rear bridgedmembers have mounted thereon a cover closing member having coverengaging means including horizontal portions and portions inclineddownwardly in the direction of box movement from said front to said rearbridge whereby the box cover is caused to move toward closed position asthe cover front flap is positioned to enter behind the front wall andsaid openings are prepared to receive the leading edges of the coverside flaps.

8. A machine as claimed in claim 1 wherein said guide rails haveforwardly flared terminal portions adjacent to and ahead of said frontbridge in the direction of movement of said conveyor means and whereinresilient box side wall engaging means are mounted on said guide railsimmediately forward of said front bridge, said guide rail portionsserving to center boxes beneath said bridge and said resilient meansserving to bend the side walls inwardly about their junctures with thefront and rear walls to aid in preparing said slits.

9. A machine a claimed in claim 6 wherein means are mounted adjacentsaid caming means engaging said longitudinally extending guide rails forbowing said side rails to assure proper centering of boxes at the timewhen said camming means are operating to enter the side flaps throughsaid openings.

10. In a machine for closing erected and filled boxes of the typedescribed, in combination a table having a longitudinally extending slottherein, a conveyor means mounted beneath said table and having boxpusher arms extending upwardly therefrom through said slit, a foldinghead detachably mounted on said table top, said folding head comprisingfront and rear bridge members extending transversely of said table andconveyor means, guide rails mounted on the uprights of said front andrear bridge members, means mounted on said front bridge member to guidea box beneath said bridge and between said guide rails under drive ofsaid pusher arms, an oscillatable arm having means for engaging thecover of a box adjacent the front corners thereof as the box is drivenbeneath said front bridge, means mounted on said bridge at the junctureof the bridge uprights and horizontal to cooperate with saidoscillatable member to bend the front and side cover flaps atsubstantially right angles to each other and the cover as a box is movedbeneath said front bridge, cover lowering means comprising partiallyhorizontal and partially inclined surfaces protruding between said frontand rear bridges, both engaging said cover means as a box passes beneathsaid bridge to move said cover toward closed position, means pivotallymounted beneath said bridge between said flap folding members to engagesaid cover front flap centrally thereof to maintain said flap in saidright angle position during initial lowering thereof, camming meansmounted between said bridges and adjacent said guide rails, said cammingmeans being resiliently urged against box side walls to open slitstherein and against box cover side flaps to guide said flaps into theopened slits as the cover is lowered by inclined portions of said coverlowering means, and a second oscillatable arm mounted on said tableadjacent said rear bridge and extending between said guide rails formovement to engage a tab on the front wall of a box as said cover isadditionally lowered by said lowering means to cause the box tab toenter a slit in the box cover front flap.

11. In a machine for closing erected and filled boxes of the typedescribed, in combination a table having a longitudinally extending slottherein, a conveyor means mounted beneath said table and having boxpusher arms extending upwardly therefrom through said slit, a foldinghead detachebly mounted on said table top, said folding head comprisingfront and rear bridge members extending transversely of said table andconveyor means, guide rails mounted on the uprights of said front andrear bridge members, means mounted on said front bridge member to guidea box beneath said bridge and between said guide rails under drive ofsaid pusher arms, an oscillatable arm having means for engaging thecover of a box adjacent the front corners thereof as the box is drivenbeneath said front bridge, means mounted on said bridge at the junctureof the bridge uprights and horizontal to cooperate with saidoscillatable member to bend the front and side cover fiaps atsubstantially right angles to each other and the cover as a box is movedbeneath said front bridge, cover lowering means comprising partiallyhorizontal and partially inclined surfaces protruding between said frontand rear bridges for engaging said cover means as a box passes beneathsaid bridge to move said cover toward closed position, means pivotallymounted beneath said bridge between said flap folding members to engagesaid cover front flap centrally thereof to maintain said flap in saidright angle position during initial lowering thereof, camming meansmounted between said bridges and adjacent said guide rails, said cammingmeans being resiliently urged against box side walls to open slitstherein and against box cover side flaps to guide said flaps into theopened slits as the cover is lowered by inclined portions of said coverlowering means, a second oscillatable arm mounted on said table adjacentsaid rear bridge and extending between said guide rails for movement toengage a tab on the front wall of a box as said cover is additionallylowered by said lowering means to cause the box tab to enter a slit inthe box cover front flap, drive means to oscillate said first and secondoscillatable means, said drive means comprising a shaft mounting eachsaid oscillatable means, an arm fixed to each said shaft, a linkdetachably engaging said arms, means for actuating said drive means intimed relationship with said conveyor means and means for locking saidtab engaging means to said shaft in operating position and releasing ittherefrom, said release together with detachment of said link from saidfirst oscillatable means providing for removal and replacement of saidfolding head.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,441,410 5/1948 Guyer et a153376 X 2,660,012 11/1953 Boyce et al 53 -376 TRAVIS S. MCGEHEE, PrimaryExaminer US. Cl. X.R.

